Bukhara is one of the few cities where not only almost all types of architectural structures erected from the 9th to the 20th centuries have been preserved, but also the traditions of folk arts and crafts, which have become the property of the entire Uzbek people. Here, in one of the largest centers of Uzbekistan, for more than one millennium, highly artistic gold-embroidery and silk-weaving products of Bukhara masters have been famous far beyond the borders of the republic.
A vivid example of this is the atlas and adras made in Bukhara. Amazingly beautiful fabrics have become part of the UNESCO world cultural heritage. Making silk fabrics according to ancient technologies, bright colors of satin and adras continue to decorate their owners with their multicolor.
Atlas and adras fabrics made in Bukhara have their own distinctive features, unusual pattern and color. To this day, fabrics are made by hand using ancient technologies.
The word "atlas" comes from Arabic and means "smooth". Touching the fabric, it feels like a very smooth, glossy surface. As a rule, satin is a silk fabric with a special weave of silk threads. This weave is called weft - a transverse system for directing threads parallel to each other in the fabric. The weft technique comes to the front surface through five or more warp threads. Due to this technology, the fabric becomes shiny and smooth.
The drawing on the atlas can be patterned, and such a special pattern as "lyali-guli donachka" was used for sewing women's shirts and blankets. The name "khan-atlas" means "khan" or "royal silk", appeared due to the fact that only women from the khan's family could afford such a luxurious fabric.
Adras is a semi-silk fabric, usually composed of 50% silk and 50% cotton. The fabric has its own gissar, abr ornament with a pattern “doiragul, kuzagul” - a jug. The adras pattern is arranged in three rows longitudinally. The main colors of the patterns are red and yellow on a white background. The oval-shaped drawings are filled with purple, yellow and blue lines. In the center of the burgundy-red water lilies are yellow ovals. To the touch, adras is different from atlas. It is more energetic and practical while wearing.
In Bukhara, the range of fabrics is represented by a large selection. At one of the most ancient and famous bazaars of Bukhara "Trading domes" you can buy products of satin and adras, magnificent in beauty and quality. These are national clothes, accessories, wardrobe elements, and modern clothing options with elements of satin and adras patterns, as well as household items, tablecloths, souvenir dolls, jewelry, covers, pillowcases, bags and much more.
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